A great question and it was asked on the Bitcointalk forum today.
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=136948.0
Here is the response I provided, which I think about sums it up:
It depends on where the difficulty is.
Today’s Total Network hash rate is : about 25 TH/s
Difficulty is: 3,249,550
So about 7 GH/s would net you about 1 BTC per day.
However, once ASIC’s are delivered in a week or three, the hash rate will go up.
If Avalon delivers next week they will be adding about 30 TH, some of
the GPU will fall off. So lets assume the total Network has rate
doubles, then the difficulty will also double. That means it will take
double the hashing power. So it will take 14 GH/s to make 1 BTC.
Butterfly labs is estimated to be delivering about 300 TH to the
network. So if you figure 300 for BFL and 30 for Avalon and then figure
many more ASIC orders will pour in, a safe next estimate will be at 500
TH. since that’s 20 times the current hash rate, you will need 140 GH
to earn 1 BTC per day.
Another way to look at it this there is a fixed rate of BTC that enter the market per day
25 BTC per Block * 6 blocks per hour * 24 hours per day = 3600 BTC per day.
So you would need 1/3,600 of the current average hash rate to earn 1 BTC per day.
Remember that the average hash rate for the previous two weeks, which is what determines the current difficulty.
The difficult changes every 2016 blocks. The difficulty is used to
steady the rate of Blocks found to about 1 every 10 minutes. So that
works out to about a change in difficulty every 14 days.
There is an excellent calculator that you can here: http://www.bitcoinx.com/profit/
For more information on Bitcoin Mining check out my new book : Bitcoin Mining Step by Step
Bitcoin_Mining_Cover_WP
http://bitcoinsbs.wordpress.com/2013/04/15/bitcoin-mining-step-by-step/
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